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PHP学习：如何使用GDB调试PHP程序

作者：VEPHP   时间 2017-10-11

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本文介绍了PHP学习：如何使用GDB调试PHP程序，希望对您有用。如果有疑问，可以联系我们。

PHP实例一般来说,GDB主要完成下面四个方面的功能：

PHP实例(1)启动你的程序,可以依照你的自定义的要求随心所欲的运行程序.
(2)可让被调试的程序在你所指定的调置的断点处停住.(断点可以是条件表达式)
(3)当程序被停住时,可以检查此时你的程序中所发生的事.
(4)动态的改变你程序的执行环境.

PHP实例1、简介

PHP实例GDB是GNU开源组织发布的一个强大的UNIX下的法式调试工具.如果你是在 UNIX平台下做软件,你会发现GDB这个调试工具有比VC、BCB的图形化调试器更强大的功能.同时GDB也具有例如ddd这样的图形化的调试端.

PHP实例2、调试C/C++法式

PHP实例直接上代码了

  1. PHP实例
  2. #include<iostream>
  3. using namespace std;
  4. long factorial(int n); 
  5. int main()
  6. {
  7. int n(0);
  8. cin>>n;
  9. long val=factorial(n);
  10. cout<<val<<endl;
  11. cin.get();
  12. return 0;
  13. }
  14. long factorial(int n)
  15. {
  16. long result(1);
  17. while(n--)
  18. { 
  19. result*=n;
  20. } 
  21. return result;
  22. }

PHP实例编译

PHP实例1

PHP实例g++ k.cpp -g -Wall -Werror -o main

PHP实例开始调试

  1. PHP实例
  2. [root@localhost code]# gdb ./main
  3. GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (7.2-83.el6)
  4. Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  5. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
  6. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
  7. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
  8. and "show warranty" for details.
  9. This GDB was configured as "i686-redhat-linux-gnu".
  10. For bug reporting instructions, please see:
  11. <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
  12. Reading symbols from /code/main...done.
  13. (gdb) l 
  14. warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
  15. 1 #include<iostream>
  16. 2 using namespace std;
  17. 3 long factorial(int n);
  18. 4
  19. 5 int main()
  20. 6 {
  21. 7 int n(0);
  22. 8 cin>>n;
  23. 9 long val=factorial(n);
  24. 10 cout<<val<<endl;
  25. (gdb)

PHP实例设置断点 break linenumber

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) b 9
  3. Breakpoint 1 at 0x80486f9: file k.cpp, line 9.
  4. (gdb) r
  5. Starting program: /code/main 
  6. 4
  7. Breakpoint 1, main () at k.cpp:9
  8. 9 long val=factorial(n);

PHP实例设置察看点 watch var

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) s
  3. factorial (n=4) at k.cpp:17
  4. 17 long result(1);
  5. (gdb) l
  6. 12 return 0;
  7. 13 }
  8. 14
  9. 15 long factorial(int n)
  10. 16 {
  11. 17 long result(1);
  12. 18 while(n--)
  13. 19 {
  14. 20 result*=n;
  15. 21 }
  16. (gdb) watch n
  17. Hardware watchpoint 2: n
  18. (gdb) watch result
  19. Hardware watchpoint 3: result
  20. (gdb) c
  21. Continuing.
  22. Hardware watchpoint 3: result
  23. Old value = 0
  24. New value = 1
  25. factorial (n=4) at k.cpp:18
  26. 18 while(n--)
  27. (gdb) 
  28. Continuing.
  29. Hardware watchpoint 2: n
  30. Old value = 4
  31. New value = 3
  32. 0x08048764 in factorial (n=3) at k.cpp:18
  33. 18 while(n--)
  34. (gdb) 
  35. Continuing.
  36. Hardware watchpoint 3: result
  37. Old value = 1
  38. New value = 3
  39. factorial (n=3) at k.cpp:18
  40. 18 while(n--)
  41. (gdb) 
  42. Continuing.
  43. Hardware watchpoint 2: n
  44. Old value = 3
  45. New value = 2
  46. 0x08048764 in factorial (n=2) at k.cpp:18
  47. 18 while(n--)
  48. (gdb) 
  49. Continuing.
  50. Hardware watchpoint 3: result
  51. Old value = 3
  52. New value = 6
  53. factorial (n=2) at k.cpp:18
  54. 18 while(n--)
  55. (gdb) 
  56. Continuing.
  57. Hardware watchpoint 2: n
  58. Old value = 2
  59. New value = 1
  60. 0x08048764 in factorial (n=1) at k.cpp:18
  61. 18 while(n--)
  62. (gdb) 
  63. Continuing.
  64. Hardware watchpoint 2: n
  65. Old value = 1
  66. New value = 0
  67. 0x08048764 in factorial (n=0) at k.cpp:18
  68. 18 while(n--)
  69. (gdb) 
  70. Continuing.
  71. Watchpoint 2 deleted because the program has left the block in
  72. which its expression is valid.
  73. Watchpoint 3 deleted because the program has left the block in
  74. which its expression is valid.
  75. 0x08048705 in main () at k.cpp:9
  76. 9 long val=factorial(n);
  77. (gdb) p val
  78. $1 = 11476980
  79. (gdb)

PHP实例可以看到是while那里,导致n越界了,fix

  1. PHP实例
  2. while(n>0) //doesn't let n reach 0
  3. {
  4. result*=n;
  5. n--; //decrements only after the evaluation
  6. }

PHP实例一些快捷命令

PHP实例l C list
p C print print {variable}
c C continue
s C step
b - break break line_number/break [file_name]:line_number/break [file_name]:func_name
r - run
set <var> = <value>
watch <var>

PHP实例ENTER: pressing enter key would execute the previously executed command again.

PHP实例c/n/s的区别

PHP实例•c or continue: Debugger will continue executing until the next break point.
•n or next: Debugger will execute the next line as single instruction.
•s or step: Same as next, but does not treats function as a single instruction, instead goes into the function and executes it line by line

PHP实例3、调试PHP法式

PHP实例PHP代码

  1. PHP实例
  2. <?php. 
  3. for($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++){
  4. echo $i."\n";
  5. sleep(3);
  6. if(in_array($i,[1,9,20])){
  7. print_r($i*$i);
  8. var_dump($i*$i); 
  9. print $i*$i;
  10. } 
  11. }

PHP实例开始调试,加上断点

  1. PHP实例
  2. [root@localhost code]# gdb php 
  3. GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (7.2-83.el6)
  4. Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  5. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
  6. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
  7. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
  8. and "show warranty" for details.
  9. This GDB was configured as "i686-redhat-linux-gnu".
  10. For bug reporting instructions, please see:
  11. <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
  12. Reading symbols from /usr/bin/php...done.
  13. (gdb) b zif_sleep
  14. Breakpoint 1 at 0x8435180: file /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/basic_functions.c, line 4449.
  15. (gdb) b zif_in_array
  16. Breakpoint 2 at 0x8426923: file /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/array.c, line 1215.
  17. (gdb) b zif_print_r
  18. Breakpoint 3 at 0x8438273: file /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/basic_functions.c, line 5553.
  19. (gdb) b zif_var_dump
  20. Breakpoint 4 at 0x847d296: file /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/var.c, line 178.
  21. (gdb) b zif_printf
  22. Function "zif_printf" not defined.
  23. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) n
  24. (gdb) b zif_sprintf
  25. Function "zif_sprintf" not defined.
  26. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) n
  27. (gdb) b printf
  28. Breakpoint 5 at 0x806a390
  29. (gdb) b memcpy
  30. Breakpoint 6 at 0x8069390
  31. (gdb) b zif_print
  32. Function "zif_print" not defined.
  33. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) n
  34. (gdb) b zif_echo 
  35. Function "zif_echo" not defined.
  36. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) n
  37. (gdb) info b
  38. Num Type Disp Enb Address What
  39. 1 breakpoint keep y 0x08435180 in zif_sleep at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/basic_functions.c:4449
  40. 2 breakpoint keep y 0x08426923 in zif_in_array at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/array.c:1215
  41. 3 breakpoint keep y 0x08438273 in zif_print_r at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/basic_functions.c:5553
  42. 4 breakpoint keep y 0x0847d296 in zif_var_dump at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/var.c:178
  43. 5 breakpoint keep y 0x0806a390 <printf@plt>
  44. 6 breakpoint keep y 0x08069390 <memcpy@plt>
  45. (gdb)

PHP实例加几个断点测试一下 syntax：break [file_name]:func_name,这里大致可以看一下 echo print等不是函数了

PHP实例然后开始调试

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) p *return_value
  3. $1 = {value = {lval = 1515870810, dval = 1.7838867517321418e+127, str = {val = 0x5a5a5a5a <Address 0x5a5a5a5a out of bounds>, 
  4. len = 1515870810}, ht = 0x5a5a5a5a, obj = {handle = 1515870810, handlers = 0x5a5a5a5a}}, refcount__gc = 1, type = 0 '\000', is_ref__gc = 0 '\000'}
  5. (gdb) p return_value->value
  6. $2 = {lval = 1515870810, dval = 1.7838867517321418e+127, str = {val = 0x5a5a5a5a <Address 0x5a5a5a5a out of bounds>, 
  7. len = 1515870810}, ht = 0x5a5a5a5a, obj = {handle = 1515870810, handlers = 0x5a5a5a5a}}
  8. (gdb) p return_value->value->lval
  9. $3 = 1515870810

PHP实例我们还可以使用内置的gdbinit来调试

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) source /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/.gdbinit
  3. (gdb) zbacktrace
  4. [0xb7fa1144] sleep(3) /code/kk.php:4

PHP实例查看当前堆栈,PHP内核的执行过程

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) bt
  3. #0 zif_sleep (ht=1, return_value=0xb7fbd6f0, return_value_ptr=0x0, this_ptr=0x0, return_value_used=0)
  4. at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/ext/standard/basic_functions.c:4449
  5. #1 0x085f6870 in execute_internal (execute_data_ptr=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, return_value_used=0)
  6. at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_execute.c:1484
  7. #2 0x085aea5f in dtrace_execute_internal (execute_data_ptr=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, return_value_used=0)
  8. at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_dtrace.c:97
  9. #3 0x00935c33 in pt_execute_core (internal=1, execute_data=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, rvu=0)
  10. at /usr/local/src/trace-0.3.0/extension/trace.c:941
  11. #4 0x00935e49 in pt_execute_internal (execute_data=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, return_value_used=0)
  12. at /usr/local/src/trace-0.3.0/extension/trace.c:1005
  13. #5 0x085f7523 in zend_do_fcall_common_helper_SPEC (execute_data=0xb7fa1144) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:552
  14. #6 0x085fb2a9 in ZEND_DO_FCALL_SPEC_CONST_HANDLER (execute_data=0xb7fa1144) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:2332
  15. #7 0x085f6deb in execute_ex (execute_data=0xb7fa1144) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:363
  16. #8 0x085ae9dc in dtrace_execute_ex (execute_data=0xb7fa1144) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_dtrace.c:73
  17. #9 0x00935c5e in pt_execute_core (internal=0, execute_data=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, rvu=0)
  18. at /usr/local/src/trace-0.3.0/extension/trace.c:946
  19. #10 0x00935e10 in pt_execute_ex (execute_data=0xb7fa1144) at /usr/local/src/trace-0.3.0/extension/trace.c:1000
  20. #11 0x085f6e4a in zend_execute (op_array=0xb7fbc7b4) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:388
  21. #12 0x085c1cf2 in zend_execute_scripts (type=8, retval=0x0, file_count=3) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend.c:1327
  22. #13 0x085470f9 in php_execute_script (primary_file=0xbffff4a4) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/main/main.c:2525
  23. #14 0x0865af46 in do_cli (argc=2, argv=0x8b9b908) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/cli/php_cli.c:994
  24. #15 0x0865bff3 in main (argc=2, argv=0x8b9b908) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/cli/php_cli.c:1378

PHP实例查看代码段

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) l
  3. 4444 Delay for a given number of seconds */
  4. 4445 PHP_FUNCTION(sleep)
  5. 4446 {
  6. 4447 long num;
  7. 4448
  8. 4449 if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "l", &num) == FAILURE) {
  9. 4450 RETURN_FALSE;
  10. 4451 }
  11. 4452 if (num < 0) {
  12. 4453 php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Number of seconds must be greater than or equal to 0");
  13. (gdb) l 4450
  14. 4445 PHP_FUNCTION(sleep)
  15. 4446 {
  16. 4447 long num;
  17. 4448
  18. 4449 if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "l", &num) == FAILURE) {
  19. 4450 RETURN_FALSE;
  20. 4451 }
  21. 4452 if (num < 0) {
  22. 4453 php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Number of seconds must be greater than or equal to 0");
  23. 4454 RETURN_FALSE;
  24. (gdb) l zif_usleep
  25. 4463 /* }}} */
  26. 4464
  27. 4465 /* {{{ proto void usleep(int micro_seconds)
  28. 4466 Delay for a given number of micro seconds */
  29. 4467 PHP_FUNCTION(usleep)
  30. 4468 {
  31. 4469 #if HAVE_USLEEP
  32. 4470 long num;
  33. 4471
  34. 4472 if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "l", &num) == FAILURE) {

PHP实例继续执行

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) n
  3. 4452 if (num < 0) {
  4. (gdb) p num
  5. $6 = 3
  6. (gdb) n
  7. 4457 RETURN_LONG(php_sleep(num));
  8. (gdb) n
  9. 4462 }
  10. (gdb) n
  11. execute_internal (execute_data_ptr=0xb7fa1144, fci=0x0, return_value_used=0) at /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/Zend/zend_execute.c:1488
  12. 1488 }

PHP实例到了execute_internal ,可以查看一下当前函数的一个状态

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) p execute_data_ptr
  3. $7 = (zend_execute_data *) 0xb7fa1144
  4. (gdb) p *execute_data_ptr
  5. $8 = {opline = 0xb7fbcacc, function_state = {function = 0x8bcf3e8, arguments = 0xb7fa119c}, op_array = 0xb7fbc7b4, object = 0x0, 
  6. symbol_table = 0x8b99cdc, prev_execute_data = 0x0, old_error_reporting = 0x0, nested = 0 '\000', 
  7. original_return_value = 0x38b4ac9, current_scope = 0x49, current_called_scope = 0x45, current_this = 0x0, fast_ret = 0x0, 
  8. call_slots = 0xb7fa1188, call = 0xb7fa1188}
  9. (gdb) p *execute_data_ptr->function_state.function->common->function_name
  10. $9 = 115 's'
  11. (gdb) p execute_data_ptr->function_state.function->common->function_name 
  12. $10 = 0x8af03c9 "sleep"
  13. (gdb) p execute_data_ptr->op_array->filename
  14. $11 = 0xb7fbc8e8 "/code/kk.php"

PHP实例查看当前hashtable

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) p *execute_data_ptr->symbol_table
  3. $ = {nTableSize = , nTableMask = , nNumOfElements = , nNextFreeElement = , pInternalPointer = xbfbc, 
  4. pListHead = xbfbc, pListTail = xbfbd, arBuckets = xbfb, pDestructor = xbff <_zval_ptr_dtor_wrapper>, 
  5. persistent = '\', nApplyCount = '\', bApplyProtection = '\', inconsistent = }

PHP实例继续执行输出c之后,回车即可,同样可以看到in_array的执行信息

  1. PHP实例
  2. (gdb) p *execute_data_ptr->function_state.function
  3. $24 = {type = 1 '\001', common = {type = 1 '\001', function_name = 0x8af1841 "in_array", scope = 0x0, fn_flags = 256, 
  4. prototype = 0x0, num_args = 3, required_num_args = 2, arg_info = 0x8ae7554}, op_array = {type = 1 '\001', 
  5. function_name = 0x8af1841 "in_array", scope = 0x0, fn_flags = 256, prototype = 0x0, num_args = 3, required_num_args = 2, 
  6. arg_info = 0x8ae7554, refcount = 0x842691d, opcodes = 0x8bcf120, last = 0, vars = 0x0, last_var = 0, T = 1, 
  7. nested_calls = 3086618796, used_stack = 0, brk_cont_array = 0x0, last_brk_cont = 1, try_catch_array = 0xb7fa10dd, 
  8. last_try_catch = 96, has_finally_block = 160 '\240', static_variables = 0x0, this_var = 11482064, 
  9. filename = 0xaf1ff4 "|\035\257", line_start = 11482016, line_end = 146381272, 
  10. doc_comment = 0xbffff238 "x\362\377\277\244\aY\b\021", doc_comment_len = 10305959, early_binding = 11085989, 
  11. literals = 0x8b7a0a0, last_literal = 140062666, run_time_cache = 0xb7fa10d4, last_cache_slot = 90, reserved = {0x9, 0x8b5f7ac, 
  12. 0x796, 0x0}}, internal_function = {type = 1 '\001', function_name = 0x8af1841 "in_array", scope = 0x0, fn_flags = 256, 
  13. prototype = 0x0, num_args = 3, required_num_args = 2, arg_info = 0x8ae7554, handler = 0x842691d <zif_in_array>, 
  14. module = 0x8bcf120}}
  15. (gdb) p execute_data_ptr->function_state.function->common->function_name 
  16. $26 = 0x8af1841 "in_array"
  17. (gdb) p execute_data_ptr->op_array->filename 
  18. $27 = 0xb7fbc8e8 "/code/kk.php"

PHP实例还可以加一下监控watch、设置一些调试变量set 等等

PHP实例其他的调试工具还有 strace 查看系统调用、ltrace 查看类库的调用、vld查看opcode.

PHP实例以上内容是小编给大家分享的关于如何使用GDB调试PHP法式的全部内容,希望大家喜欢.

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