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本文介绍了Mysql学习Linux下安装配置MySQL,希望对您有用。如果有疑问,可以联系我们。
MYSQL实例系统:Ubuntu 16.04LTS
MYSQL实例1\官网下载mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
MYSQL实例2\建立工作组:
- MYSQL实例
- $su
- #groupadd mysql
- #useradd -r -g mysql mysql
MYSQL实例3\创建目录
- MYSQL实例
- #mkdir /usr/local/mysql
- #mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
MYSQL实例4\解压mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz,并拷贝至/usr/local/mysql
- MYSQL实例
- #tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
- #cp -r /home/jieyamulu/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql
MYSQL实例5\修改mysql用户对mysql以下及其子文件夹以下文件的权限,修改后可使用ll查看权限
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local# ll
- 总用量 44
- drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 5月 19 07:39 ./
- drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 2月 16 04:30 ../
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 bin/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 etc/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 games/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 include/
- drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2月 16 04:23 lib/
- lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 3月 29 14:11 man -> share/man/
- drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 mysql/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 sbin/
- drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2月 16 04:34 share/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2月 16 04:19 src/
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local# cd mysql/
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# ll
- 总用量 64
- drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 ./
- drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 5月 19 07:39 ../
- drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 bin/
- -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 17987 5月 19 07:48 COPYING
- drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:41 data/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 docs/
- drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 include/
- drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 lib/
- drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 man/
- -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 2478 5月 19 07:48 README
- drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 share/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 5月 19 07:48 support-files/
MYSQL实例6\修改(或新建)/etc/my.cnf 配置文件
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# vim /etc/my.cnf
- [mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
- datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
- :wq
MYSQL实例7\最关键的初始化
- MYSQL实例
- # cd /usr/local/mysql/
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
- 2017-05-19T00:15:46.529420Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
- 2017-05-19T00:15:47.066125Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
- 2017-05-19T00:15:47.213711Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
- 2017-05-19T00:15:47.286951Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 4e958344-3c28-11e7-8334-c8d3ffd2db82.
- 2017-05-19T00:15:47.292857Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
- 2017-05-19T00:15:47.294758Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: YjaotQk*2ew4
MYSQL实例初始密码要记住
这里可能会出现很多问题,比如:
MYSQL实例Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
MYSQL实例缺少依赖关系包
MYSQL实例解决方法:sudo apt-get install libaio-dev
MYSQL实例还有可能是之前步骤不对导致了操作data文件的权限不够等等.按照步骤来,缺少什么装什么(有提示),到了这里应该就初始化成功了,那几个Warning,值得注意的是Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.有时间可以查下是怎么回事,这条忽略也没影响.
MYSQL实例8\不要着急启动,现在还启动不了.执行代码,将mysql下除了data文件夹外的文件变为root权限
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chown -R root .
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chown -R mysql data
MYSQL实例9\启动
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
MYSQL实例敲回车
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
- Enter password:
- Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MySQL connection id is 3
- Server version: 5.7.18
- Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
- affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
- owners.
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
- mysql> show databases;
- ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
- mysql>
MYSQL实例10\重置密码
- MYSQL实例
- mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('newpasswd');
- Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
- mysql> show databases;
- +--------------------+
- | Database |
- +--------------------+
- | information_schema |
- | mysql |
- | performance_schema |
- | sys |
- +--------------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> quit
- Bye
MYSQL实例11\设置开机启动
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
- root@Ice-***:/usr/local/mysql# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
MYSQL实例12\安装mysql-server 和 mysql-client
- MYSQL实例
- root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install mysql-server
- root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install mysql-client
- root@Ice-***:~# apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
- E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
MYSQL实例解决办法:
MYSQL实例1.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info /var/lib/dpkg/info_old //现将info文件夹更名
2.$ sudo mkdir /var/lib/dpkg/info //再新建一个新的info文件夹
3.$ sudo apt-get update,
$ apt-get -f install //修复依赖树
4.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/* /var/lib/dpkg/info_old //执行完上一步操作后会在新的info文件夹下生成一些文件,现将这些文件全部移到info_old文件夹下
5.$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info //把自己新建的info文件夹删掉
6.$ sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info_old /var/lib/dpkg/info //把以前的info文件夹重新改回名字
MYSQL实例最后,如果是Ubuntu系统可能无法向表中插入汉字,无法从表中查询汉字..
MYSQL实例解决办法:
MYSQL实例关闭数据库服务
- MYSQL实例
- service mysql stop
- ~$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
MYSQL实例在[mysqld]下添加一行character_set_server=utf8
配置文件选段:
- MYSQL实例
- [mysqld]
- #
- # * Basic Settings
- #
- user = mysql
- pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
- socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
- port = 3306
- basedir = /usr
- datadir = /var/lib/mysql
- tmpdir = /tmp
- lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
- character_set_server=utf8 就是这一行,原来是没有的,要手动添加!
- skip-external-locking
- #
MYSQL实例
将上述文件拷贝至/etc/mysql/my.cnf
MYSQL实例~$ sudo cp /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
MYSQL实例重启数据库服务
MYSQL实例~$ /etc/init.d/mysql restart
MYSQL实例如果查看字符集能得到如下结果就说明成功了.
- MYSQL实例
- mysql> show variables like 'collation_%';
- +----------------------+-----------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +----------------------+-----------------+
- | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
- | collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
- | collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
- +----------------------+-----------------+
- 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
- +--------------------------+----------------------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +--------------------------+----------------------------+
- | character_set_client | utf8 |
- | character_set_connection | utf8 |
- | character_set_database | utf8 |
- | character_set_filesystem | binary |
- | character_set_results | utf8 |
- | character_set_server | utf8 |
- | character_set_system | utf8 |
- | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
- +--------------------------+----------------------------+
- 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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